The contribution deals with conceptual dilemmas and differences in use of notions mutticulturalism and globalization in theoretical discourse. Divergences root in variegated definitions of fundamental notions, and in understanding relations between them: culture, society, civilisation, cultural (civilisation) contact, transculturality, selective incorporation, etc. Due to (additional) divergences in understanding the notion equity, we speak of different uses ofthe notion multiculturalism (corporative, liberal, and critical). Significant differences occur in understanding globalization - globalization is a process, which extends into the field of culture one the one side, or, globalisation is a process of increasing global economic co-dependence and has only indirect cultural effects. With all viewpoints, a question arises on mutual influences of economy, politics, and culture and whether it is at all possible to homogenize culture on a global level.